TedTalk Dan Gilbert Why are we happy NL

Engels Klaslokaal Geplaatst op 28 december 2018 door EmEf1 mei 2019

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Vraag 1 of 15

1. Vraag

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The first questions are vocabulary questions testing your knowledge of and/or preparing you for the words used in this TED-talk.

Pre-watching
Match the verbs to their Dutch translations:

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over nadenken
samenstellen
aftreden
overtreden, schenden

Here’s two different futures that I invite you to contemplate

We synthesize happiness, but we think happiness is a thing to be found.

he resigned in disgrace

which drives us to violate the rules either of prudence or of justice

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Vraag 2 of 15

2. Vraag

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Pre-watching
Match the adjectives to their Dutch translations:

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bevorderend zijn voor
lijdend aan geheugenverlies
omkeerbaar

Because the reversible condition is not conducive to the synthesis of happiness.

What do they do? Well, let’s first check and make sure they’re really amnesiac.

It’s a very small increase, and it doesn’t much matter whether they were in the reversible or irreversible condition.

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Vraag 3 of 15

3. Vraag

3 punt(en)

Pre-watching
Match the nouns to their Dutch translations:

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nabootser
aanpassing
vooringenomenheid

Let’s see how your experience simulators are working.

Human beings have this marvellous adaptation that they can actually have experiences in their heads before they try them out in real life.

Something we call the impact bias, which is the tendency for the simulator to work badly.

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Vraag 4 of 15

4. Vraag

3 punt(en)

Pre-watching
Match the nouns to their Dutch translations:

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enthousiasme
omzichtigheid
berouw

but none of them can deserve to be pursued with that passionate ardor which drives us to violate the rules

which drives us to violate the rules either of prudence or of justice, or to corrupt the future tranquility of our minds,

either by shame from the remembrance of our own folly, or by remorse for the horror of our own injustice.”

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Vraag 5 of 15

5. Vraag

4 punt(en)

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voorouder
iemand met dwarslaesie
model, voorbeeld
product, grondstof

This is a trick that none of our ancestors could do

And a year after winning the lotto, lottery winners and paraplegics are equally happy with their lives.

This is a 50-year-old paradigm called the free choice paradigm.

because we have within us the capacity to manufacture the very commodity we are constantly chasing

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6. Vraag
3 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(beginning – 2:09)

Which of the following statements about the brain are correct according to Daniel Gilbert?
- During the course of evolution a new part was formed in the brain, called the frontal lobe.
- The brain has tripled in size.
- The human brain is too complex to be understood.
- The pre-frontal cortex is like an experience simulator.
- The structures of the human brain have so far remained unchanged.
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Vraag 7 of 15

7. Vraag
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First, read the question, then watch the video.

(2:09 – 3:54)
The impact bias is the tendency for people
- to judge based on their respective moods.
- to judge on what they predict rather than on experience.
- to overestimate the length and intensity of future states.
- to underestimate the after-effects of traumatic events.
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8. Vraag
5 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(3:33 – 4:10)
How much time does it take to get over major life traumas and return to (a former state of) happiness according to a recent study ?
- three months
- half a year
- a year
- people never quite recover
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Vraag 9 of 15

9. Vraag
5 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(4:10 – 8:07)
Jim Wright, Moreese Bickham, Harry S. Langerman and Pete Best are used by Daniel Gilbert as examples of people who
- do not seem to care about wordly goods.
- do not seem to have had a specific purpose in life.
- have had extremely bad luck in life.
- have synthesized happiness.
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Vraag 10 of 15

10. Vraag
4 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(4:10 – 8:07) (same fragment as last question)
Match the descriptions to the persons.
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- was a very respectable American politician who lost everything.
- spent a very long time in prison for a crime he did not commit.
- missed out on becoming the richest man in America.
- did not become part of one of the most famous popgroups ever.
- Jim Wright
- Moreese Bickham
- Harry S. Langerman
- Pete Best
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Vraag 11 of 15

11. Vraag
2 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(8:07 – 9:22)
Match the two kinds of happiness to their correct descriptions.
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- what we make when we don’t get what we wanted
- what we get when we get what we wanted
- synthetic happiness is
- natural happiness is
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Vraag 12 of 15

12. Vraag
5 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(9:22 – 13:47)
Dan Gilbert tells about the experiment with the Monet prints to show that
- amnesiac patients are very unreliable as research controls.
- amnesiac patients find it difficult to find happiness in art.
- people actually change their affective reactions to achieve happiness.
- people easily deceive themselves in order to feel happy.
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Vraag 13 of 15

13. Vraag
5 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(13:47 – 15:00)
What is the enemy of synthetic happiness?
- Freedom to change and make up your mind
- Irreversible conditions
- Limited choice
- Self-satisfaction
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Vraag 14 of 15

14. Vraag
5 punt(en)
First, read the question, then watch the video.

(15:00 – 18:56)
The Harvard experiment makes clear that students (and by inference people in general)
- are more likely to change their minds if offered the opportunity to deliberate.
- are unaware that the freedom to choose can work to their disadvantage.
- experience greater satisfaction at a task when asked to use their creativity.
- usually make correct predictions about their future behaviour.
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Vraag 15 of 15

15. Vraag

1 punt(en)

First, read the question, then watch the video.

(18:56 – end)
These are the last paragraphs of Dan Gilbert’s speech. Fill in the missing words or phrases:
(Note: The Bard = William Shakespeare)

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but thinking makes it so
overrating the difference
violate the rules
remorse for the horror
ambition is bounded
we’re prudent
capacity to manufacture

The Bard said everything best, of course, and he’s making my point here but he’s making it hyperbolically: ”‘Tis nothing good or bad / ……….1………..” It’s nice poetry, but that can’t exactly be right. Is there really nothing good or bad? Is it really the case that gall bladder surgery and a trip to Paris are just the same thing? That seems like a one-question IQ test. They can’t be exactly the same.

In more turgid prose, but closer to the truth, was the father of modern capitalism, Adam Smith, and he said this. This is worth contemplating: ”The great source of both the misery and disorders of human life seems to arise from ……….2……….. between one permanent situation and another …

 Some of these situations may, no doubt, deserve to be preferred to others, but none of them can deserve to be pursued with that passionate ardor which drives us to ……….3……….. either of prudence or of justice, or to corrupt the future tranquility of our minds, either by shame from the remembrance of our own folly, 

or by ………4……….. of our own injustice.” In other words: yes, some things are better than others.
We should have preferences that lead us into one future over another. But when those preferences drive us too hard and too fast because we have overrated the difference between these futures, we are at risk. 

When our ………5……….. , it leads us to work joyfully. When our ambition is unbounded, it leads us to lie, to cheat, to steal, to hurt others, to sacrifice things of real value.

When our fears are bounded, ………6……….., we’re cautious, we’re thoughtful. When our fears are unbounded and overblown, we’re reckless, and we’re cowardly.

The lesson I want to leave you with from these data is that our longings and our worries are both to some degree overblown, because we have within us the ………7……….. the very commodity we are constantly chasing when we choose experience.
Thank you.

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